FDA expected to authorize Covid-19 vaccine booster shots for some immunocompromised people within the next 48 hours

By Kaitlan Collins and John Bonifield, CNN

The US Food and Drug Administration is expected to announce within the next 48 hours that it is authorizing Covid-19 vaccine booster shots for some people who are immunocompromised, according to a source familiar with the discussions.

This would be a third shot of the current two-dose Pfizer and Moderna vaccines. That announcement could slide, the source cautioned, but this is the current timing.

“The FDA is closely monitoring data as it becomes available from studies administering an additional dose of the authorized COVID-19 vaccines to immunocompromised individuals,” an FDA spokesperson told CNN. “The agency, along with the CDC, is evaluating potential options on this issue, and will share information in the near future.”

NBC News was first to report on the expected announcement.

The FDA must give authorization for the vaccines to be used in new ways outside the existing authorization. All three Covid-19 vaccines being used in the US are given under emergency use authorization by the FDA, but full approval is pending for Pfizer’s vaccine. After FDA grants approval or authorization, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention then advises on whether to actually use a vaccine as authorized by the FDA.

Vaccine advisers for the CDC will meet on Friday to discuss booster doses of Covid-19 vaccines and additional doses for some immunocompromised people, according to a meeting agenda posted by the agency on Monday.

A recent study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that vaccinated immunocompromised people are 485 times more likely to end up in the hospital or die from Covid-19 compared to the general population that is vaccinated.

Based on an estimate by the CDC, about 9 million Americans are immunocompromised, either because of diseases they have or medications they take.

It has been known for months that Covid-19 vaccines might not work well for this group. The hope was that vaccination rates overall would be so high so that the “herd” would protect them.

But it didn’t work out that way, because about a third of eligible people in the US have not received even one dose of a Covid-19 vaccine.

The Biden administration is expected to lay out a Covid-19 vaccine booster strategy for all vaccinated Americans in September.

US Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy said Wednesday the administration is now considering who will need boosters most and when, and information on its efforts to protect immunocompromised people from Covid-19 is expected “very soon.”

“We’ve been concerned about these individuals. We’ve been following them closely, and I think most of us believe that we’ve got to do more to protect these individuals,” Murthy told CNN’s Wolf Blitzer on “The Situation Room.”

“The FDA has been working hard to basically do the evaluation around safety and make sure that we have everything we need to make these additional doses available to people,” he said, adding that the CDC “is also looking into making sure the guidance is clear and available for immunocompromised individuals.”

Murthy noted in his interview that immunocompromised people include some cancer patients, those taking medication that suppresses the immune system and organ transplant recipients.

This story has been updated with additional details Wednesday.

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CNN’s Lauren Mascarenhas and Devan Cole contributed to this report.